Педагогика развития и сотрудничества

The article covers results of the empirical analysis of the system of leading mental functions at preschool age. The methodological foundation of the study is functional stage periodization of ontogenetic development (Yu.N. Karandashev, 1981). The study presents the description of the system of interconnections of the major mental functions at preschool age, as well as the dynamics of development of the major mental functions during the age under study.

The article makes an attempt of analyzing and contemplating about scientific, research, and project activity of students as the major ways of activation of students’ cognitive independence. It resents characteristics of the stages of scientific, research, and project activities of students and offers practical recommendations for their organization and fulfillment for university instructors. The study gives examples of specific topics for students’ research and project works.

The article presents results of the study regarding creative activity of students and factors of its dependency. Creative activity is understood as a personal state, which is characterized by the desire to acquire new knowledge and ways of activity, intellectual tension, and demonstration of willful efforts in the process of this kind of activity.

The article covers results of theoretical and empirical research regarding training of a future primary school teacher from the positions of acmeological approach. The study uncovers the structural organization of acmeological orientations of a future teacher’s personality: professional and value orientations, professional goal setting, professional motivation, desire to achieve professional success. It defines level characteristics and types of pedagogical orientations (mono-orientation, poly-orientation).

In the theory and practice of teaching primary school students great deal of attention is paid to the issue of training effectiveness and, in particular, to the issue of cognitive activity’s activation in students. The relevance of this topic can be explained by the fact that introduction of the Federal State Educational Standards of primary general education requires the teacher to know the new forms and methods of educational process organization, which could be feasible and effective in the modern conditions and interesting for children.

The author presents the results of component analysis of professional training for future teachers. We analyze the component structure of professional training for teachers based on interdisciplinary research that allows to identify target, motivational, informative, operational and resultative components. Analysis and systematization of the collected material show the relation between components of professional training and emphasize the main feature of professional training for future teachers, which is integrity.

The authors present results of the study based on the analysis of tutoring emergence in Russia, its modernization process and implementation of individualization process and pedagogical support processes as a basis for tutoring activities. We analyze the content basis of the ?tutor? phenomenon in national and foreign science.

The authors present modern methodological approaches to the problems of development of younger generation’s social activity. We demonstrate the results of general analysis of scientific research during the last decade, which are connected to tendencies of children movement’s development, process of its modernization, and implementation of the principle of children’s participation in solving the problems that affect their interests.

The author proves that the leading means for creating a system of individual value attitudes is a problematic personality-related educational situation as an element of unity of epistemological and axiological situations. Pupils’ value attitudes formation process is revealed in the context of attitude towards responsibility as a socially significant value. Problematic personality-relevant pedagogical situations promote potential actualization of axiological environment of humanitarian education.

The article covers the author’s understanding of professional and personal self-determination as a continuous, dynamic process that characterizes the entire path of becoming a professional. We show that professional growth of a person is connected with his constant acquisition of a higher level of self-appraisal as an expert and comprehension of his ideals. It is noted that paradigmatic multiplicity of pedagogical reality raises the necessity of free and responsible choice of professional values, ways of teaching for a modern teacher.