The article presents the meaning of socio-cultural field of a personality by its ascriptive status, based on social background, economic status, place of residence and territorial belonging. It discusses the opportunity of socio-cultural field study as the factor of youth personalities’ social adaptation on the basis of dichotomy center – province (city – village). It shows that one of the most important differences of a village from a city is that a village subculture primarily remains a classical subculture of village producers – traditionalist, memorial-oriented, while a city one has clear prognostic orientations. The author marks that the process of social adaptation of the city and village youth generally depends on the conditions of socialization (city – village), varying principles of social organization and regulation of life activity of a personality, that leads to actualization of different adaptational mechanisms.