The research is relevant because it explores a new phenomenon – city dwellers’ agency – and introduces it in the thesaurus of social psychology of the city. The aim of the research is to formulate the concept of “city dweller’s agency” and to conduct its operationalization. Hypothesis: There is a connection between an individual’s internal sense of responsibility for positive urban changes and their attitudes towards city dwellers’ engagement across various platforms including online, discussions, and physical actions. Participants: 324 respondents aged from 18 to 75 years (M = 43, SD = 18) living in Moscow (49% women and 51% men). Methods (tools): The study employed several methodologies, including “Readiness for Active Participation in the Life of the City” (T .P. Emelyanova, T. V. Drobysheva, E. N. Vikent'eva, S. V. Tarasov) to identify attitudes towards active participation in the public life of the city, “Attribution of City Dwellers’ Responsibility” (T. V. Drobysheva) to analyze how the responsibility for urban conditions is manifested. Additionally, a questionnaire collected the socio-demographic data from the respondents. Results: The concept of “city dwellers’ agency” was formulated based on theoretical analysis. Key indicators (activity, responsibility) and empirical referents (manifestations of activity and responsibility of city dwellers) were identifi ed. Selected methods underwent their primary psychometric verifi cation, revealing issues that eff ectively demonstrate city dwellers’ internal sense of responsibility and various forms of engagement in the urban environment aimed at improving the quality of urban life. The research also revealed a correla tion between the indicators of the internal sense of responsibility of city dwellers who participated in urban community service and their readiness to engage in public life. Main Conclusions: City dwellers’ agency refers to an individual’s capacity to assume responsibility for urban conditions and to direct their activity to transform the urban environment in order to improve conditions for urban living. It has been empirically confi rmed that taking responsibility for urban conditions correlates with respondents’ willingness to directly participate in community service and discuss urban life problems with other residents. Practical Significance: The results can aid municipal employees in developing programs to actively involve the population in urban improvement efforts.