The article gives analysis of self-cognition process in the primary school students on the basis of comparison between their personal traits and personal traits of their peers. The study shows the role of peer image in the process of formation of idea of oneself and opportunities of one’s own development. The article describes the peculiarities of organization of step-by-step development of self-cognition in the primary school students on the basis of comparison to the image of a perfect and a real peer.
