The article covers the author’s understanding of professional and personal self-determination as a continuous, dynamic process that characterizes the entire path of becoming a professional. We show that professional growth of a person is connected with his constant acquisition of a higher level of self-appraisal as an expert and comprehension of his ideals. It is noted that paradigmatic multiplicity of pedagogical reality raises the necessity of free and responsible choice of professional values, ways of teaching for a modern teacher.