For citation:
Sultaniyazova N. Z. Correspondence between Characteristics of Ethnic Identity and Subjective Well-Being in Russians and Kazakhs. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Educational Acmeology. Developmental Psychology, 2019, vol. 8, iss. 1, pp. 52-62. DOI: 10.18500/2304-9790-2019-8-1-52-62
Correspondence between Characteristics of Ethnic Identity and Subjective Well-Being in Russians and Kazakhs
Investigation of the correspondence between characteristics of ethnic identity and subjective well-being is necessary for the development of welfare programmes based on the identity factor. Purpose of the study: analysis of the relationship between characteristics of ethnic identity and subjective well-being of Russians and Kazakhs living in Russia and Kazakhstan. Hypothesis: low level of determination of subjective well-being by ethnic identity characteristics is assumed; there are similarities and differences due to the ethno-psychological and cultural-national characteristics of representatives of different nations. The study was conducted on proportionally selected samples of representatives of two ethnic groups of Russians and Kazakhs from Russia and Kazakhstan: 75 people in each sample, with the total of 300 people of both genders (29% male), mean age M = 38 years, SD = 11,57. Investigation methods: “Satisfaction with life scale” (by Ed Diener, adapted by D. A. Leonteva, E. N. Osina), which includes five statements rated on a seven-point scale; “Subjective happiness scale” (by S. Lyubomirsky, H. Lepper, adapted by D. A. Leonteva and E. N. Osina, which is a scale variant consisting of 4 statements evaluated on a seven-point scale); parameters of psychological well-being (autonomy, competence, personal growth, life goals, self-acceptance, general indicator) were measured with K. Riff’s scale adapted by L. V. Zhukovskaya and E. G. Troshikhina (full variant); types of ethnic identity (ethno-nihilism, ethnic indifference, positive ethnic identity, ethno-egoism, ethno-isolationism, ethno-fanaticism) were measured using scales that correspond to the types of ethnic identity (G. U. Soldatova, S. V. Ryzhova), and the unique questionnaire developed by the author. It has been shown that characteristics of subjective well-being (happiness, life satisfaction and balance of affect) and psychological well-being (autonomy, competence, personal growth, life goals, self-acceptance, general indicator) correlate differently with ethnic identity types. The results show more similar connections among members of ethnic minorities, compared with the majority in Kazakhstan and Russia. It has been established that ethno-nihilism and extreme forms of ethnic identity in the majority of cases reduce the well-being’s manifestation. The obtained results can be used to develop programs for adaptation and interaction of representatives of various ethnic groups at regional and state levels.
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