родительство

The growing interest in the issue of parenting stress in Russia makes this problem relevant, whereas in foreign psychology this phenomenon has been developed for several decades. The analysis of foreign theoretical constructs of parenting stress allows us to assess the general understanding of this phenomenon, to see the similarities and diff erences of theories presented by foreign authors, as well as to apply a comprehensive approach to the study of this phenomenon in our country.

The article reflects the topical issues of global transformation of values, associated with demographic processes and resource potential of the state. Achievement of utmost levels and increase in depopulation, inadequate reflection of the gender factor in population policy determines the increase of the crisis and the risks of the contemporary society.

The article analyzes theoretical approaches to understanding the process of the development of image of parenthood. It reveals the gender differences in the ideas of maternity and paternity, and also in parental mindset and expectations. The research sample group consisted of 60 respondents (30 young men and 30 girls age 20- 24 years). The complex of methods has been used: modified version of diagnostic method for interpersonal relationships by T. Leary, adapted by L. N. Sobchik modified by R. V. Ovcharova, PARI method by E. S. Sheffer and R. K. Bell adapted by T. V.

The article deals with socio-psychological characteristics of the components of the phenomenon of parenthood: fatherhood and motherhood. The analysis of the major challenges of fatherhood and motherhood in contemporary society; indicate the social and psychological causes of the crisis of parenthood in contemporary society.

Modern approaches to studying the phenomenon of parenting are being analyzed. It is shown that fatherhood and motherhood as components of parenthood phenomenon are different ways of actualizing individual, gender and socio-cultural parental roles. The data was obtained of the sample of student-age people of Saratov State University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky (n = 60, largely females, age 16–22, 12% of them married).