The article presents the results of a study conducted in order to study personality factors that determine characteristics of interpersonal relations of teenagers, whose formation is the most important task of their age development. It is shown that the process of formation of selfesteem and self-concept of teenagers occurs in the context of their socio-psychological development and is determined by the system of interpersonal relations. The results of the empirical study performed on a sample of teenagesr aged 12–14 (n = 85) are presented. The following methods were used: Interpersonal Behavior Inventory by T. Leary; questionnaire «Study of Self-Concept Features” by E. Piers and D. Harris (adapted by A. M. Prikhozhan); questionnaire for students to identify the level of self-esteem by R. V. Ovcharova. The hypothesis that self-esteem of teenagers and the associated ideas about themselves in the structure of self-concept is grounded and proved by the peculiarities of their interpersonal relations. The interrelationships of teenagers’ self-esteem with the type of interpersonal relations and with the structural components of self-concept are revealed. It is established that the authoritarian type of interpersonal relationships is dominated among the teenagers, and appearance, physical attractiveness, communication, peer popularity, self-confidence and anxiety are the factors that influence on self-esteem and the type of relationships of teenagers with the other people in the structure of self-concept. In practical terms, the results of the study are interesting for educational psychologists, teachers and parents in solving problems of personality formation, constructive interpersonal relations among teenagers.